Base Fabric
Base material
Natural fiber | Plant fiber | Cotton, silk, cellulose, etc. | |
---|---|---|---|
Chemical fiber | Synthetic polymer fiber | Polyester fiber (Filament/spun yarn) |
Fibers generally used in industrial materials |
Nylon fiber (Filament) |
While it was used for tents, before because of its high strength, a slight change in size is found due to moisture compared to polyester. | ||
Vinylon fiber (Filament/spun yarn) |
It has high strength like nylon. However, a slight change in size is found due to moisture compared to polyester. | ||
Polypropylene fiber | Fibers without any moisture absorption. It has a good thermal-insulation property, but is difficult to give noncombustibility. | ||
High-strength fiber (Para-aramid fiber, meta-aramid fiber, aromatic polyester fiber, etc.) |
|||
Biodegradable fiber | |||
Inorganic fiber | Glass fiber | Commercialized as a non-combustible material | |
Silica fiber | Used for applications requiring fire resistance | ||
Carbon fiber |
Fineness
Tex | Tex is a unit to show the thickness of a filament (long fiber), indicated by grams per 1,000 m of a filament. Dtex (one tenth of tex) is often used to match denier which had been customarily used. |
---|---|
Yarn count | Yarn count is a unit to show the thickness of a spun yarn (short fiber). It indicates how long the length grows compared to a certain volume. Therefore, more the yarn count is, thinner the fiber thickness is. |
Denier (d) | Denier is unit to show the thickness of a filament (long fiber), indicated by grams per 9,000 m of a filament. This unit had been used customarily, but tex is getting to be used now. |
Form of base material
Weaving | Various kinds of fabric structures such as plain weave and twill weave are on the market, but the plain weave is a mainstream as industrial materials. |
---|---|
Knitting | Raschel knitting is commercialized in the industrial material sector. |
Non-woven | Their strength is weaker than that of fabrics and knitted materials and they are transformed easily, thus not suitable for a canvas or tarpaulin. |